海岛(县)主体功能区划分的研究——以浙江省玉环县、洞头县为例

Division of Island(County) Major Function Oriented Zoning:A Case Study of Yuhuan and Dongtou,Zhejiang Province,China

海岛是海中陆地,一个海岛包括岛陆、岛基、岛滩和海岛周围的海域。地域主体功能区划主要强调国土空间开发的分工和布局,要求做到国土的全覆盖。海岛县是海陆国土空间复合系统,同陆域县区一样,根据资源环境承载能力、现有开发密度和发展潜力,统筹考虑未来人口分布、经济布局、国土利用和城镇化格局,将国土空间划分为优化开发、重点开发、限制开发和禁止开发四类主体功能区。在已有陆域主体功能区划和海洋功能区划等理论的基础上,考虑陆域要素与海域要素,应用层次分析、多指标综合加权评价法和主成分-聚类分析等主要量化方法,把地理空间思想融入分析框架中,做到定性与定量相结合,从而划分出玉环和洞头二个海岛县海陆国土空间复盖的主体功能区划。陆域主体功能区与海洋主体功能区要相互衔接,主体功能定位相互协调。

Island is the land in the sea.An intact island contains the adjacent sea area besides island terrene,insular shelf and offshore barrier.The area of island is small and its regional structure and ecological structure is simple.The ecological system of island is weak and the biodiversity index of island is very small.The stabilization of island＇s ecological and environmental is not optimistic.A lot of ecological and environmental problems will be very easy to appear,if not being paid attention to protection the island.Major function oriented zoning emphasizes division and layout of the territory spatial development,and it requires the complete overlay of the territory.The island county is a compound system of territory.As the land area county,on the basis of the analysis on the resources environmental carrying capability,existing development density and future development potentials,considering the future of Chinese coordinate development of the distribution of population,economic layout,land use and urbanization patterns,the island counties can also be divided into four types of function zones：optimized exploitation zones,prioritized exploitation zones,limited development exploitation zones and banned exploitation zones.Based on the theories of major function oriented zoning and marine functional zoning and the quantification methods of AHP,multi-index synthetic weighed method,principal component-cluster analysis,considering the land and sea area factors,the paper combines qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis to integrate the geographical space thought into the analytical framework and make the major function oriented zoning of island county including the land and sea of Yuhuan and Dongtou counties.At the same time,this paper makes major function oriented zoning of the land and sea natural and compatible,and it makes the orientation of major function harmonious.