基于脑电波分析技术的安全驾驶实验研究

Experimental Study on Safe Driving Based on Electroencephalography

为了研究饮酒对驾驶过程中脑电波的影响,在由急弯、紧急停车港、障碍区和直线路段组成的虚拟场景中,利用脑电仪实时采集汽车驾驶员的脑电信号,建立脑电波分析指标体系,进行快速傅立叶变换后,计算δ波、θ波、α波、中间快波、β波以及γ波的平均功率,进而计算各频段波功率占总频段波功率的比例,比较组合指标(α+θ)/β在饮酒前后的差异,并运用成对t检验分析各项指标.结果表明,饮酒对θ、α和γ脑电波有显著影响,t检验结果小于0.01;对其余脑电波没有显著影响,t检验结果大于0.05.在3个显著变化的指标中,仅γ脑电波饮酒前、后的差值随着酒精浓度的下降逐渐减小,酒精浓度小于40.5 mg/100 ml后,差值为1.12%.

In order to study the effects of alcohol drinking on electroencephalography（EEG） during driving,a system of indicators for EEG analysis were set up based on the real-time EEG data of drivers collected by a neuroscan EEG system under virtual scenes made of sharp curves,emergency stop belts,obstacle zones and straight line segments.After fast Fourier transform,the mean powers of delta wave（δ）,theta wave（θ）,alpha wave（α）,middle fast wave,beta wave（β）,and gama wave（γ） were calculated,and the proportion of the power in each frequency range to the whole frequency range was obtained.Then,the differences of the combined indicator（α＋θ）/β were compared between drunk driving and non-drunk driving,and all the indicators were analyzed by the paired sample t-test.The results show that alcohol drinking affects significantly the theta wave,alpha wave,and gama wave,with t-test values being less than 0.01;but does not affect significantly the rest of EEGs,with t-test values being more than 0.05.Among the three parameters affected significantly,only the difference of gama wave before and after drinking reduces gradually with the blood alcohol concentration（BAC） decreasing.When the BAC dropped to 40.5 mg/100 ml,the difference of gama wave was 1.12%.