转型时期中国农业全要素耕地利用效率及其影响因素分析

Total-factor Cultivated Land-use Efficiency and Its Influencing Factors in China's Agriculture During the Transitional Period

实施耕地集约利用战略、提高耕地综合利用能力,理应成为保障中国粮食安全、实现耕地资源保护,同时又满足工业化和城市化对土地基本需求的最有效和最根本的措施选择。本文基于DEA模型在全要素生产框架下构建了一个相比耕地生产率更能全面衡量现有耕地真实利用效率的指标—全要素耕地利用效率,然后运用规模报酬不变且投入导向的SBM-DEA模型,估算了1985～2008年中国各省份及四大区域的全要素耕地利用效率及其收敛性,并在此基础上应用受限随机效应面板Tobit模型检验了自然气候、生产技术、工业化和城市化以及教育程度、农业规模等环境因素对于全要素耕地利用效率的影响。

Implementing the strategy of intensively cultivated land-use and improving the ability of synthetically cultivated land-use is supposed to be the most effective and fundamental measure of protecting the grain security of China, achieving the cultivated land resources protection and meeting the basic land needs of industrialization and urbanization. Based on the DEA model and under the framework of total factor production, the authors construct a new indicator named Total-factor Cultivated Land-use Efficiency which is better and more comprehensive, and then use the SBM-DEA model which is CRS and input-oriented to measure the TFCLE and the convergence of various provinces and four regions in China from 1985 to 2008. Lastly＇, the paper adopts the censored random effect panel Tobit model to estimate the influences of different environmental factors on TFCLE, such as the natural climate, production technology, industrialization, education level and agricultural production scale and so on.