外资进入、内资研发与加工贸易升级——基于面板数据的实证研究

Foreign Investment,Domestic R&D and Processing Trade Upgrading An Empirical Analysis Based on Panel Data

加工贸易升级的动力既可能来源于外资的溢出效应,也可能是内资企业创新能力的提高所致。基于国内2000～2008年19个省级基础数据,建立动态面板模型以考察加工贸易升级机制,结果发现:(1)外资进入既存在溢出效应也存在挤出效应,但前者大于后者,说明其对加工贸易升级来说是利大于弊;(2)内资研发通过两个途径促进加工贸易升级,一是由研发获得的自身创新能力的提高,二是研发投入加强了对外资先进技术的吸收,但后者作用明显更大,反映了内资企业在创新方面的被动和模仿。

Processing Trade has been a disputed topic, and its upgrading impetus can be originated from the spillover effect of foreign investment as well as the innovation ability of domestic enterprise. Based on 19 provincial data from 2000-2008, dynamic panels are built to examine the upgrading mechanism of processing trade. The research results show that： （1） both spillover effect and extrusion effect exist in foreign investment, but the former is greater than the latter, indicating that its advantages for processing trade upgrading outweigh the disadvantages; （2） domestic R＆D is helpful for promoting the upgrading of processing trade, but compared to the innovation ability obtained form R＆D, the absorbing effect from foreign investment is more notable, which reflects that domestic enterprises are passive and imitational in technological innovation.