胎盘血管形成相关研究进展

Research Advances in Placental Angiogenesis

胎盘是胎儿与母体之间进行气体交换、供应营养物质、排除代谢产物的器官,其生理功能与胎盘血管形成过程密切相关。胎盘血管网络的完善以及血液循环系统的建立决定了胎盘的功能,保障了胎儿的生长发育。调节血管形成的因素有很多,包括细胞因子、缺氧、激素、低血糖、应切力等,在促血管因素和抑血管因素的相互作用下,胎盘血管网络建立,并且保持稳定。

The placenta is a transient organ,which mediates the physiological exchange between mother and fetus.Its physiological function is mainly depending on placental angiogenesis and vasodilatation.These two critical processes are directly correlated with fetal growth,fetal survival,and neonatal birth weight.Placental angiogenesis is regulated by several factors,including cytokines,hypoxia,hormones,low blood sugar,and shear stress.Under the control of angiogenesis factors and anti-angiogenesis factors,the vascular network is established and tends to be stable during pregnancy.