结直肠癌K-ras基因的研究进展

The Research Progress of K-ras Gene of Colorectal Cancer

K-ras基因在结直肠癌(CRC)发生、发展中均有重要作用,K-ras野生型的CRC患者对西妥昔单抗(C225)敏感,而突变型者不敏感。目前K-ras状态已确定为是否对CRC患者使用C225的标准。CRC的K-ras突变主要发生在第一外显子的12、13位点,原发灶是最常用的检测标本,转移灶及晚期患者的血浆检测也有一定意义。K-ras突变的检测方法很多,目前测序法仍是金标准。

K-ras gene plays an important role in the development and progress of colorectal cancer（CRC）.Research now suggests that CRC patients with a wild type of K-ras would benefit from treatment with cetuximab（C225） but the mutated one not.Currently,the analysis of K-ras status in CRC has already been confirmed as one of criterion to determine whether the patient will be treated with C225.K-ras mutations always occur at Codon 12 and 13 of exon 1.The most common sample of CRC used for the analysis of K-ras status is primary foci,while there is some clinical significance in K-ras analysis of metastatic foci and plasma of advanced patient.Currently,many methods are used in K-ras mutation testing but DNA sequencing is still the gold standard.