体表血管瘤的发病机制及诊断治疗进展

The Progress of Pathogenesis and Diagnosis and Treatment of Superficial Hemangioma

体表血管瘤是婴幼儿时期最常见的良性肿瘤,内皮细胞增生在血管瘤的发病中起重要作用,此外雌激素、肥大细胞、细胞外基质、血管生成因子等因素与血管瘤的发生发展密切相关。多数浅表血管瘤可根据病史和体征作出诊断,对皮下特别是病变弥漫者需通过影像学检查如超声、数字减影血管造影、CT血管造影、磁共振血管成像等辅助诊断。临床治疗常根据不同年龄、类型、时期及面积大小来选择不同的治疗方法,主要有药物治疗、手术治疗、核素治疗、物理治疗等。

Superficial hemangioma is the most common infant benign tumor.It was discovered that endothelial cell hyperplasia plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hemangioma.Besides,estrogen,mast cells,extracellular matrix,angiogenesis factor are closely related with the occurrence and development of hemangioma.Most superficial hemangioma can be diagnosed according to the disease history and symptoms;subcutaneous lesions especially those have diffused need assisant imaging examination diagnosis such as ultrasound,DSA,CTA,and MRA.At present the clinical treatment of hemangioma is often chosen among drug treatment,surgery,radionuclide therapy and physical therapy,according to patient age,type,period and size.