长三角两省一市(苏浙沪)装备制造业现状研究

Study on Competitiveness of Equipment Manufacturing in the Yangtze River Delta

文章通过定量分析,采用对比研究,从装备制造业的总体发展水平、增长速度、产业绩效等方面,全面研究长三角装备制造业的发展态势及内部(两省一市)的区域差异。研究表明:我国装备制造业处于快速上升期,但长三角作为我国装备制造业基地的地位趋于下降;长三角两省一市装备制造业发展在产业规模、经营绩效、综合竞争等方面存在明显的区域差异。分省市看,江苏和上海存在产业同构,而浙江与两地都不存在产业同构。江苏省装备制造业占有长三角两省一市一半产值左右,在江苏制造业产值中超过四成,在经营过程中,每家企业平均从业人员数量最高,自有资金水平及流动资产水平也较高,实现利润率水平最高,体现了最强的竞争力。浙江的装备制造业产值占长三角装备制造业产值的1/4,在浙江制造业产值中接近四成,在经营中,从业人员人均资产规模最高,人均产值也最高,实现了最高的产值税收贡献率,在两省一市的装备制造业的竞争力中处于中间位置。上海装备制造业在长三角装备制造业产值中占1/4,在上海制造业中占近六成的产值,企业平均资产规模最高,产值销售率也最高,但是利润水平最低。分子行业利润水平看,上海的仪器仪表具有明显竞争优势。

Through quantitative analysis and comparative studies, this paper carried out a comprehensive study on the development of equipment manufacturing industry in the Yangtze River Delta, and compared the internal regional differences from the aspects of the overall development of equipment manufacturing industry, growth rate, industry performance, etc. The main conclusions included two aspects. Firstly, China＇s equipment manufacturing industry was increasing rapidly, but Yangtze River Delta＇s position as China＇s equipment manufacturing base tended to decline. Secondly, there were obvious regional differences in the industrial scale, performance, competitive of equipment manufacturing industry in Yangtze River Delta . Comparison among the provinces, Jiangsu Province, one province in the Yangtze River Delta, the equipment manufacturing industry occupied half of the output, accounting for more than forty percents value of the manufacturing output in Jiangsu. In operation, Jiangsu＇ s corporate had the highest average number of employees with the highest level of own funds and liquidity to achieve the highest levels of profitability, reflecting the strongest competitive edge. In Zhejiang, output of equipment manu- facturing accounted for one quarter, in the operation, employing the highest per capita of asset, had the highest per capita output to achieve the highest turnover of asset, and stayed in the middle position. The output of Shanghai equipment manufacturing industry accounted for one quarter in the Yangtze River Delta. Its average asset size per company＇s rate is highest, but enjoyed the lowest level of profit.