中国农民负担的演变:1978-2010

Evolution of the Burden on Chinese Peasants:1978-2010

改革开放30多年来,我国农民负担的演化大致经过这样几个阶段:改革开放初期的突显,接着不断加重、膨胀,然后通过税费改革逐渐回落,税费改革后农民负担依然存在,只是负担的形式和内容发生了变化,实质并没有变化。文章通过对我国农民负担演变的历史考察,提出的结论是:要从根本上解决我们农民负担问题,需要从政府、市场和农民等方面综合考虑,统筹城乡协调发展,彻底改变我国城乡分割的二元经济结构。具体来说,要做到以下几个方面:增加农民收入、实行惠农政策、处理好中央、地方和农民之间的关系、实行全民同等待遇共享改革成果等。

Since the beginning of reform and opening policy, China peasant burden＇s evolution has experienced such several stages. At first, in the beginning of the reform and opening up, peasants＂ burden was a little heavy. Then it became worse. After the tax reform, peasants＂ burden still existed. Although its form and content changed, its essence was still the same. Through analyzing the evolution of the burden on peasants, this paper concluded that solving the problem of the burden of peasants fundamentally need take government, market and farmers into account, make the urban and rural coordinated development, and change the dual economic structure which existed in our country. Specifically, we should increase the peasants＂ income, implement agriculture-preferred policy, deal with the relationship among central government, local government and peasants correctly, and implement the equal civil treatment, let people share the results of reform and so on.