问责制执行力的影响因素分析——来自香港的经验与启示

An Analysis on the Factors Influencing the Executive Ability of Accountability System——Experience and its Inspiration from Hong Kong

执行力是问责制的生命,执行力的高低决定了问责制的作用效果。问责制的执行力与问责制本身的科学性、配套制度的契合度、问责制的执行环境三大因素紧密相关。香港在高官问责制执行力建设方面积累了丰富的经验,问责对象明确,问责主体多元,能及时完善配套制度,形成了浓厚的"问责文化"。这些对提高内地问责制执行力都有重要的启示:必须进行系统的制度创新,实现权责对等,增强人大、司法、媒体的外部问责,建立科学的绩效考评制度,推进政府信息公开,提高官员的法治意识和社会的法治水平。

Executive ability, seen as the essence of accountability system, determines its effectiveness. Close relationship can be found in the three factors which include the scientifieity of the accountability system itself, cooperative degree of the supporting systems and its executive environment. Hong Kong has accumulated rich experience in enhancing senior officials＇ executive ability of the accountability system. Definite accountability objects and multiple accountability subjects can help to perfect the supporting systems and form dense accountability culture, which offers significant enlightenment to improving the executive ability of the accountability system in China's Mainland. We must carry out systemalic institutional innovation, attain the equilibrium between authority and responsibility, intensify the outer accountability from NPC, CPPCC, legal system and the media, establish a scientific appraisal system, advance the administrative informalion openness, and elevate officials＇ legal awareness and social legal state.