儿科急诊心肺复苏的特点及预后分析

Analysis of Characteristics and Prognosis of Children with Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Pediatric Emergency Department

目的:探讨小儿心跳或呼吸停止的病因、临床特点及心肺复苏预后的影响因素,为提高小儿急诊心肺复苏(CPR)成功率与改善预后提供科学依据。方法:选择2004年1月至2009年12月在我院急诊行CPR患儿90例作为研究对象,对其发病原因及预后进行研究分析。结果:呼吸停止者38例(42.2%),出院时存活23例(60.5%);心跳停止者52例(57.8%),出院时存活5例(9.6%)。呼吸停止者与心跳停止者之间总存活率比较有显著性差异,结果具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。导致小儿急诊CPR的最常见原因是意外伤害(33.3%);院前救护车转运患儿29例(32.2%)。结论:小儿院外呼吸、心跳停止者死亡率高、预后差;加强宣传教育,普及儿科急救基本知识,做好儿科生存链的每一环节,可有效提高患儿急诊CPR的抢救成功率。

Objective：To discuss the etiology and characteristics of children with cardiac arrest or respiratory arrest,providing a scientific basis for improving pediatric emergency cardiopulmonary resuscitation（CPR） success rate and improving the prognosis.Method：Records of 90 patients who accepted CPR in our emergency department between January 2004 to December 2009 were reviewed,including etiology of CPR and their outcomes.Result：38 cases（42.2%） were respiratory arrest patients,23 cases were alive at discharge（60.5%）;52 cases（57.8%） were cardiac arrest patients,and 5 cases（9.6%） were alive at discharge（9.6%）.There were significant differences in mortality between respiratory arrest patients and cardiac arrest patients（P〈0.05）.Accidental injury diseases（33.3%） were the main cause of the children with CPR.Pre-hospital ambulance transport children in 29 cases（32.2%）.Conclusion：The mortality is high in children with respiratory arrest or cardiact arrest;strengthen publicity and education,universal basic knowledge of pediatric emergency and do every aspect of pediatric chain of survival,can effectively improve the survival rate in children with emergency CPR.