我院常见病原菌分布及耐药性分析

Analysis of Distribution and Drug Resistance of Common Pathogenic Bacteria in Our Hospital

目的:了解我院病原菌分布情况,及其对抗菌药物的耐药性进行分析。方法:收集2010年1～12月我院各科室住院患者送检的各类标本,进行细菌学培养、鉴定及药敏试验。结果:4742例标本共分离菌株1250株,其中革兰阳性球菌占31.8%,革兰阴性杆菌占60.2%;革兰阳性球菌中以金黄葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus,SA)和肠球菌属为主,占革兰氏阳性球菌的68.6%;革兰阴性杆菌中主要有不动杆菌属和非发酵铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌(E.coli)和克雷伯杆菌属分别占革兰阴性杆菌的62.9%和30.6%。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)检出率为75%,其对青霉素、红霉素、氨苄西林耐药率较高;不动杆菌属、铜绿假单胞菌(pseudomonas aeruginosa,PA)对头孢呋辛钠、呋喃妥因、头孢噻肟等耐药率较高。头孢他啶、头孢呋辛、氨苄西林、头孢噻肟等在我院应用频率较高。结论:临床上以不动杆菌属、PA、E.coli、金黄葡萄球菌引起的感染常见,我院应用频率高的药物细菌耐药现象较严重,应合理使用抗菌药物,以延缓细菌耐药性的产生。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution of Pathogenic Bacteria in Our Hospital,and analyze the Drug Resistance to antimicrobial drug. METHODS Clinical samples were collected from patients in our hospital from January 2010 to December 2010. Then,Bacterial culture,general identification and susceptibility test were performed. RESULTS There were 1250 strains isolated from 4742 samples,in which Gram-positive coccus was 31.8%,Gram-negative rod was 60.2%. Staphylococcus aureus（SA） and enterococci accounted for 68.6% of gram positive coccus. Acinetobacter and pseudomonas aeruginosa（PA） were 473 strains,Enterobacteriaceae and Klebsiella were 230 strains,which accounted for 62.9% and 30.6% of Gram-negative rod. In Staphylococcus aureus,the methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus accounted for 75%,which had high resistant rates to penicilin,ilotycin and ampicillin however acinetobacter and pseudomonas aeruginosa had high resistant rates to cefuroxime、furadantin and cefotaxim. CONCLUSIONS In clinic,acinetobacter,PA,E.coli and SA infections were common,and so far the phenomenon of bacterial resistance was serious,so antibacterials must be used rationally,in order to postpone bacterial drug resistance.