7种典型挺水植物净化生活污水中氮磷的研究

Studies on Seven Typical Emerging Plants Absorbing Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Constructed Wetlands

挺水植物是构建人工湿地植被系统的主要植物类型,选取7种典型的具有一定景观效应和经济价值的挺水植物,初步研究它们对生活污水中的氮磷降解特性以及氮磷积累及其分布状况。结果表明:美人蕉、黄菖蒲、香根草、薏苡都表现出较强的氮磷降解能力,生活污水中总氮磷的去除率与湿地植物氮磷的积累量成线性相关(P<0.05),各植物间以及其自身的地上部分与地下部分的生物量(鲜质量)差异显著(P<0.05),对氮磷的降解与水力停留时间成线性相关,相关系数均大于0.9,说明它们有较为稳定的氮磷吸收能力。通过收割可以去除整个植株总氮和总磷含量的60%～80%。

Emerging plants are the main types of plants for the constructed wetland vegetation system.In this test,seven typical emerging plants which have a certain landscape effect and economic value are selected to study their degradation,accumulation and distribution of nitrogen and phosphorus in constructed wetlands,which provides a theoretical backbone for the promotion of constructed wetlands.The experiment results showed that： Cannaindica,Irispseudacorus,Vetiveriazizanoides and Schoenoplectuslacustris all have a strong degradation ability of nitrogen and phosphorus,and their degradation of nitrogen and phosphorus has a linear correlation with HRT after a period of adaptation to constructed wetlands and the correlation coefficients are larger than 0.9.These indicate that they have a stable absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus.The total plant uptake of nitrogen and phosphorus accounts for 60% to 80% of the overall nutrient removal in constructed wetlands.