风区车站停留车辆防溜决策探讨及防溜设备改进设计

Study on anti-slip decisions of the stopped vehicle in wind area station and improved design for the anti-slip device

强大的风力和铁路电气化改造,使新疆风区停站车辆的防溜成了亟待解决问题。分析了车辆溜逸力的来源,构建了车辆溜逸阻力分析图,改进了防溜设备(一对能承受176.4 kN力的铁鞋及其止动器和左右螺母式手制动机),根据来袭大风风力,计算出防溜逸阻力需求,制定了防溜决策。如对一列挂有50辆空敝货物列车的防溜决策是:7至9级风可用2-4个手制动机来防溜,10至11级风时,用配对的铁鞋及其止动器再加拧2个手制动机来防溜;12至17级风时,除用铁鞋及其止动器外,还须分别加拧4,8,12,18,24,31个手制动机来防溜。用有限元分析软件ANSYS对铁鞋、止动器及手制动机进行强度分析,通过调整结构强度富裕部位和改进薄弱环节,提高防溜设备的可靠性。本文所探讨的防溜决策和改进设计的防溜设备,用来指导车辆防溜工作,极大地提高了效率。

Strong wind and railway electrification has made the anti-slip of standing vehicles in the wind field one of the most important issues to be solved in Xingjiang.This paper analysised the source of the slip force of the standing vehicles in the wind field and structured the analysis chart of the standing vehicles＇ runaway resistance,designed a new kind of anti-slip device（a pair of iron shoes which can bear a force of 176.4 kN with its stoppers and nut hand brakes）.According to the wind-force produced by different levels of strong wind,the runaway resistance needed to prevent the running is calculated.Making anti-slip decisions.For example,the anti-slip decisions for a train with 50 empty freight vehicles is as the following： On the condition of 7 to 9 level and below wind-force,the vehicle mainly depends on the hand brakes to prevent slip.When it reaches 10 to 11 level,a pair of iron shoes and stoppers are needed to be placed against the direction of the wind under the wheel of the first vehicles and 2 hand brakes are needed to be tightened besides the above measures.As to 12 to 17 level,4,8,12,18,24,31 hand brakes are needed to be tightened besides the above measures.By using finite element analysis software ANSYS,the strength of iron shoes,stoppers and the hand brake is analyzed.Besides,affluent parts of the structural strength are adjusted and weaknesses are improved to increase the reliability of the anti-slip device.The above-mentioned anti-slip measures and new kind of devices are used to prevent the running of standing vehicles effectively,as the result of which the working efficiency is improved.