大风区铁路挡风墙合理设置

Reasonable setting of wind-break wall on railway in strong wind areas

大风作用下列车周围空气的绕流流场变化明显,空气动力显著增大,设置挡风墙及其他防风设施,是保证大风区铁路列车安全运行的主要措施。采用数值模拟计算的方法,对挡风墙距线路的合理位置和挡风墙的合理高度进行研究。结果表明：挡风墙距一线中心线的合理距离为5.7 m;随着路况的不同,挡风墙的合理高度不同,2 m深路堑上挡风墙合理高度为3.5 m,平地上挡风墙合理高度为4.5~5.0 m,5 m路堤上挡风墙合理高度为4.0~4.5 m;挡风墙高度兼顾考虑接触网的风速时,从车辆气动力角度来说已处于过防护状态,挡风墙防护效果并不理想,所以对于环境风较大的区段,建议采用防风走廊或防风明洞等其他防风设施代替挡风墙。

With the strong wind,the change of the flow field around the train is obvious,and the aerodynamic force is observably increased.The wind-break wall and other wind-break facilities are the major measures which can ensure the safety of the train in the strong wind areas.The numerical simulation calculation was carried out to research the reasonable position and height of the wind-break wall.Results show that the reasonable distance between the wind-break wall and the centre line of the first track is 5.7 m.With different road conditions,the reasonable height of the wind-break wall is different.For example： the reasonable height of the wind-break wall building on the 2 m deep cutting is 3.5 m,4.5 m to 5.0 m on the flat ground,and 4.0 m to 4.5 m on 5 m high embankment.From the vehicle aerodynamic standpoint,the protective effect of the wind-break wall is not ideal when considering the wind speed of the catenary.As a result,the anti wind corridor and open-cut tunnel are advised to adopt to take place of the wind-break wall in the strong wind areas.