注意缺陷多动障碍不同亚型儿童生活质量研究

Clinical study of the life quality in chidren with different subtypes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

【目的】了解注意缺陷多动障碍不同临床亚型儿童的生活质量,并调查儿童生活质量与其智力水平之间的相关性。【方法】对符合DSM-IV ADHD诊断标准的653例儿童使用儿少主观生活质量问卷(ISLQ)评价儿童的生活质量,联合型瑞文测验(CRT)测试儿童的智力水平,了解ADHD儿童的生活质量状态以及与智力水平的相关性。【结果】ADHD儿童在同伴交往、学校生活、认知成分、抑郁体验、焦虑体验和总体满意度方面与对照组有统计学差异(P均<0.05);在学校生活方面,注意缺陷型ADHD的评分明显低于对照组(P<0.01);在总体满意度,注意缺陷型ADHD、混合型ADHD的评分与对照组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);瑞文成绩为中等的ADHD儿童在学校生活、对自我的认识、认知成分、焦虑体验和总体满意度方面均明显低于高智力ADHD儿童(P均<0.05);在自我认识方面,中等智力的ADHD儿童低于智力良好的ADHD儿童(P<0.05)。【结论】ADHD儿童的部分生活质量受损,以注意缺陷型ADHD最明显,同时不同智力级别的ADHD,其生活质量不同。

【Objective】 To study the quality of life in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder（ADHD）,and investigate the relationship between the life quality and intelligence. 【Methods】 Test groups included 653 children diagnosed ADHD according to the DSM-IV were divided into three groups.Control group included 530 healthy children were matched with ADHD in age and sex.All were investigated with ISLQ and CRT. 【Results】 Compared with control group,the scores of peer intercommunion,school life,cognitive components,depression experience,anxiety experience and overall satisfaction in ADHD children were lower in significance（P0.05）.In ADHD-CT children,the school life scores were lower in more significance（P0.01）.The scores of overall satisfaction in ADHD-CT and ADHD-PI children were lower than healthy children（P0.05）.In ADHD children whose CRT were in the middle level scores,the scores of school life,self-awareness,cognitive component,anxiety experience and overall satisfaction were lower than ADHD children with high intelligence（P0.05）.The scores of self-awareness in ADHD children with middle intelligence were lower than with good intelligence（P0.05）. 【Conclusion】 ADHD children have damages in life quality,especially for ADHD-CT,and ADHD children with different intelligence have different disorder in the life quality.