1662例住院患者医院感染横断面调查分析

Prevalence rate of nosocomial infection:an investigation of 1662 cases

目的调查了解医院感染实际现状,分析其发生特点及存在问题,提高感染控制意识,为预防和控制医院感染提供科学依据。方法采取查阅住院病历和床旁调查相结合的方法,全院分三个调查日:2010年8月31日、9月1日和9月2日,对所有住院患者进行现患率调查。结果全院医院感染现患率为7.28%;例次感染率为7.70%;其中以血液科医院感染率最高,为21.74%,例次感染率为22.61%;医院感染部位以下呼吸道感染居首位为51.56%;全院抗菌药物使用率为41.22%,其中一联抗菌药物使用率为77.23%;医院感染病例送检率为68.60%。结论加强高危科室和易感人群的目标监测,提高送检率,进一步强化培训,降低临床科室漏报率,规范抗菌药物的使用,达到降低医院感染率的目的。

Objective To investigate the point prevalence of nosocomial infection（IN） ,analyze the problems existing in the management of IN,and provide scientific guidance for its prevention and control. Methods The prevalence rate of all the patients admitted in our hospital was investigated in 3 days（31 Aug. 2010,1 Sep. 2010 and 2 Sep. 2010） by bedside investigation and reviewing medical records,Statistical analysis was then performed. Results The prevalence rate of IN was 7.28%. The case incidence rate was 7.70%. The prevalence rate in the department of hematology was the highest（21.74%,with a case incidence rate of 22.61%） . For infection site,the prevalence rate of lower respiratory tract infections was the highest,accounting for 51.56%. The antimicrobial utilization rate was 41.22%,77.23% with single drugs. The examining rate was 68.60%. Conclusion The decrease of the prevalence of IN can be achieved through strengthened monitoring of high-risk departments and susceptible persons,improved examining rate,intensive training,and reasonable antibiotics administration.