体育舞蹈专业女大学生足底压力分布特征研究

Plantar pressure distribution for female college students majored in dance sport

目的:探讨分析体育舞蹈专业女大学生足底压力的分布特征,为参加体育舞蹈训练的普通大学生和体育舞蹈专业学生提供数据参考。方法:采用footscan USB足底压力平板测试系统对8名普通女大学生和8名体育舞蹈专业女大学生进行正常行走、伦巴走步的足底压力测试。结果:裸足正常行走过程中,体育舞蹈专业和普通女大学生在足底各分区压力分布基本一致,无显著性差异;普通女大学生在第2-5趾、第1跖骨、第2跖骨、第5跖骨、足中部区域左、右差异有统计学意义,而体育舞蹈专业女大学生除了在第1趾存在差异外,左右足无显著性差异;体育舞蹈专业大学生在伦巴走步过程中,压力中心轨迹与正常行走时有很大差异。这种差异在足底各分区压力-时间积分中表现为,左右脚的脚前掌、足中部压力-时间积分变大,足跟部位压力-时间积分明显变小,且与正常行走相比有显著性差异,做舞蹈动作时,压力主要集中于脚前掌和足弓部位。结论:体育舞蹈专业女大学生在做舞蹈动作时,压力主要集中于脚前掌和足中部,且外侧跖骨受力显著。参加体育舞蹈训练时必须穿着适当高度、适当硬度的舞蹈鞋来缓解脚前掌和足中部的压力。

Objective：To explore the plantar pressure distribution about dance sport professional female college students,and to provide reference data for ordinary university students and the students of sports dance.Methods： Eight ordinary female unversity students（OFUS）and eight sports dance professional female university students（SDFS）,were analyzed by the footscan USB plate test system for normal walking,rumba work.Results：During barefoot normal walking,there is no significant differences in OFUS and SDFS;for OFUS,there is significant difference on toe2-5,meta1,meta2,meta5 and midfoot between the right and left foot,but SDFS except in toe1,no significant differences was found.There is enormous differences in COP between normal walking and Rumba walk.The impulse increased in the meta and midfoot,decreased in heel,and there is significant difference on meta,midfoot and the heel between the right and left foot.The plantar pressure concentrated in the forefoot and midfoot during Rumba walk.Conclusion：In dance moving,the force concentrated in the forefoot,midfoot and lateral metatarsal.Dancer must wear the shoes of appropriate height and hardness to relieve the pressure in dance training.