西南干旱地区城市水系规划研究——以昆明高新产业基地为例

Urban water system planning of southwest arid regions:a case study of Kunming High-tech Industrial Bases

针对西南干旱地区干湿分明,雨季单点暴雨强度大,旱季水资源不足,地形坡度大等特点,以昆明高新产业基地开发建设为例,运用"斑块-廊道-基质"模式理论以及"集聚间有离析"最优格局理论,对区域现状水系进行梳理及改造,结合水系功能的转变,构建与城市发展相适宜的防洪与景观体系。通过对河道、池塘特征的系统分析研究,确定了水系的生态需水量。根据生态需水量的研究成果,提出了利用上游水库、区域内库塘蓄水及城市再生水等满足生态需水要求的措施,保证旱季生态需水要求,满足水系生态系统在不同时期的完整性。

In the Southwest China,there is a clear dry and wet climate,which has characteristics of high single-point storm intensity during the rainy season,water shortage during the dry season,steep terrain slope and so on.In this paper,by the example of development and construction of the high-tech industry base in Kunming,with the use of ＂patch-corridor-matrix＂ model theory and the ＂segregation between the clustering＂ optimal pattern theory,the regional water situation is combed out and transformed,and then the flood control and landscape system which is appropriate to urban development is constructed combined with changes in water feature.In addition,ecological water demand of the river is determined through a systematic analysis of the river,pond features.Meanwhile,on basis of taking the upstream reservoir,a large-area water regulation and storage within the region,and the reclaimed municipal water as water source,the ecological water demand during the dry season is ensured,the constructed flood control and landscape system is supported,and the integrity of aquatic ecosystem at different times is maintained eventually.