基于Biolog-ECO技术不同退耕年限苜蓿地土壤微生物功能多样性分析

Analysis on Functional Diversity of Edaphon Communities in Medicago sativa Fields of Different Growth Years Based on Biolog-ECO Plates

运用Biolog-ECO技术,分析半干旱黄土丘陵区不同生长年限紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)地和坡耕地土壤微生物功能多样性。结果表明:①在0～15 cm土层,平均吸光值总体变化趋势为生长旺盛苜蓿地显著优于极度退化苜蓿地、退化苜蓿地和坡耕地,坡耕地最差;在15～30 cm土层,平均吸光值总体变化趋势为极度退化苜蓿地平均吸光值最大,即活性最强,退化苜蓿地最低。②0～15 cm土壤微生物Shannon-Wiener指数、Pielou均匀度指数、Simpson指数、丰富度指数总体趋势,苜蓿地高于坡耕地,坡耕地最低;15～30 cm坡耕地和极度退化苜蓿地土壤微生物多样性指数接近,并且优于生长旺盛阶段苜蓿地和退化苜蓿地,退化苜蓿地最低。③土壤微生物功能多样性PCA分析,0～15 cm和15～30 cm坡耕地和极度退化苜蓿地土壤微生物功能多样性具有相似性,可以划分为一组,生长旺盛苜蓿地和退化苜蓿地各为一组。不同年限苜蓿地和坡耕地土壤微生物对不同碳源利用状况不同。④总体得出土壤微生物多样性的顺序:生长旺盛期>极度退化苜蓿地>坡耕地>退化苜蓿地。

In this paper,the Biolog-ECO plates（Biolog,USA） were used to study the functional diversity of edaphon communities in Medicago sativa fields of different growth years in a semiarid loess hilly region.The results are as follows：（1） In the 0-15 cm soil layer,the average absorbance value in vigorous Medicago sativa fields was significantly higher than that in the severely degenerated Medicago sativa fields,degenerated Medicago sativa fields and slope farmland,especially the slope farmland;in the 15-30 cm soil layer,the average absorbance value of severely degenerated Medicago sativa fields was the highest,and it was the lowest in degenerated Medicago sativa fields;（2） In the 0-15 cm soil layer,the Shannon-Wiener index,Pielou index,Simpson index and richness index of Medicago sativa fields were holistically higher than those of slope farmland.In the 15-30 cm soil layer,the diversity index of edaphon of slope farmland was similar to that of severely degenerated Medicago sativa fields but higher than that of degenerated Medicago sativa fields and vigorous Medicago sativa fields,and that of degenerate Medicago sativa fields was the lowest;（3） Principal component analysis（PCA） of functional diversity of edaphon reveals that the functional diversity of edaphon in soil layers of 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm of slope farmland was similar to that of degenerated Medicago sativa fields.The use status of different carbon sources of Medicago sativa fields of different growth years was different;（4） Diversity of edaphon was holistically in an order of vigorous Medicago sativa fields severely degenerated Medicago sativa fields slope farmland degenerated Medicago sativa fields.