天山雪岭云杉(Picea schrenkiana)林净化空气功能研究

Study on Air Decontamination Function of Picea schrenkiana in the Tianshan Mountains

通过对天山北坡森林中降尘量、总悬浮颗粒物(TSP)浓度的动态监测,以及对不同海拔梯度树叶中硫含量的测定,分析天山雪岭云杉对空气中主要污染物吸附、过滤作用,以此来评价天山北坡森林的空气净化功能。研究结果表明:①在6～7月,郁闭度0.8的林地降尘量最多可达14.04 g/(m2.30 d),较对照空旷地滞尘量增加4.88g/(m2.30 d),增加了34.8%,其净化降尘量价值为2.17元/(m2.30 d)。②在雪岭云杉林空气中可多阻留总悬浮颗粒物0.052 mg/m3,林内较林外净化总悬浮颗粒物最多可增加70.3%。③同一时期,不同海拔梯度树叶中硫含量表现为相关性不显著性。在伤害阈值范围内,树叶硫含量会随大气中SO2浓度的增加而增加,在海拔梯度2 300 m左右树叶中的硫含量最大,为1.44 mg/g,单株雪岭云杉净化SO2的价值为2.16元。

In this paper,the functions of adsorption and filtration of Picea schrenkiana forest to the main air pollutants are analyzed by monitoring and measuring the dynamic trends of dustfall amount and TSP in Picea schrenkiana forest and the sulphur content in Picea schrenkiana leaves at different altitudes,on which the air decontamination function of Picea schrenkiana forest is evaluated.The results are as follows：（1） The dustfall amount in the forest with canopy density of 0.8 was the highest（14.04 g/（m2·30 d）） in June and July,it was increased by 4.88 g/（m2·30 d）（34.8%） compared with that in an open contrast zone,and the air decontamination value of the forest was 2.17 yuan/（m2·30 d）;（2） Rainfall and human activities affect significantly TSP concentration,the caught TSP in air over the forest can be increased by 0.052 mg/m3 compared with that in the open contrast zone,and it can be increased by 70.3% in maximum;（3） Correlation between the sulphur content in Picea schrenkiana leaves and altitude is not significant.In the threshold for injury,the sulphur content in leaves is increased with the increase of SO2 concentration in air,it is the highest（1.44 mg/g） at altitude of 2 300 m a.s.l.,and the average SO2 decontamination value of each Picea schrenkiana tree is 2.16 yuan.