抑郁的分子遗传学研究及基因与环境的交互作用

Study on the Molecular Genetics of Depression and Interaction between Gene and Environment

抑郁的发生受到遗传和环境的影响,啮齿类的分子遗传学的研究表明单胺类分子如五羟色胺、去甲肾上腺素和多巴胺,HPA系统的相关的激素分子以及神经营养类分子如脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)都可能参与了抑郁发生的神经生理过程.编码以上分子的基因型的差异有可能是导致个体对应激反应的敏感性和抑郁发生差异的遗传基础.童年早期和成年经历的压力生活事件是影响抑郁发生的常见的环境因素.遗传因素赋予个体对应激不同的敏感性,环境因素也会影响基因的表达,二者的交互作用影响了个体相关脑区的神经回路的功能从而影响了抑郁的发生.

Depression is influenced by genetic and environmental effects. The molecular genetics of rodent studies have shown that monoamine molecules such as serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine, HPA system, hormone- related molecules and neurotrophie molecules such as brain derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF） may be involved in depression neurophysiologie processes occurring. Encoding these molecules have different genotypes may lead to the individual response to stress differences in sensitivity and the genetic basis of depression. Early childhood and adult life events experienced by the pressure of depression are common environmen- tal factors. Genetic factors on the stress given to the different sensitivities of individual, environmental factors also affect gene expression, the individual interaction of the two brain regions related to the function of neural circuits to influence the occurrence of depression.