外科重症监护病房医院感染因素预防及分析

Surgical department critically ill guardianship hospital ward hospital infection factor prevention and analysis

目的：探讨外科重症监护病房（Intencive care Unit，ICU）病人院内感染的相关因素及预防措施。方法：我院于2009年2月-2010年2月对外科ICU住院接受治疗与护理的患者进行了ICU院内感染的危险因素分析，并针对性地实施预防措施。结果：ICU患者相关危险因素包括：滥用抗生素、机械通气、留置导尿及鼻饲应用。本研究ICU院内感染部位以呼吸道为主，且以下呼吸道感染多见。干预组中发生呼吸道感染、泌尿道感染及总感染率均明显低于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论：外科ICU病房收治重症患者，由于诊疗技术操作多，构成医院感染的众多危险因素，这就要求我们护理必须严格执行无菌技术操作规程，了解造成感染的原因及护理对策，使外科ICU病房院内感染率降至最低水平。

Objective： To evaluate the surgical intensive care unit （Intencive care Unit, ICU）patients with nosocomial infections related factors and preventive measures. Methods：The hospital in February 2009 -- February 2010 to the surgical ICU inpatient treatment and care of patients to the ICU nosocomial infection risk factors, and targeted implementation of preventive measures. Results：ICU patient--related risk factors include： misuse of antibiotics,mechanical ventilation, catheterization, and nasal application. The study sites were respiratory tract infection in ICU hospital--based, and lower respiratory tract infection is more common. Intervention group occurred in respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infection and total in- fection rates were significantly lower than the control group （P 〈0.05）. Conclusion： The surgical 1CU ward patients admitted with severe, due to technical operation of a clinic, constitute the many risk factors for nosocomial infection, which requires us to care and procedures must be strictly aseptic technique, to understand the reasons causing infection and nursing,the surgical ICU ward nosocomial infection rate dropped to its lowest level.