HLA抗原系统与移植临床

HLA antigen system and its clinical significance

供受者HLA等位基因配型是影响移植器官长期预后的重要因素。但HLA是迄今为止最复杂的人类基因系统,其等位基因仍在不断发现中,检测方法也不断改进。本文从HLA抗原系统的由来与发展历程、检测技术、命名原则,HLA的分子结构及免疫活性,供者特异性抗体等方面,系统介绍了HLA抗原系统的结构及免疫效应,以便深入理解其在器官移植中的临床意义。

HLA alleles matching between donors and recipients of transplanted organs is an important factor for long-term prognosis of allografts. However, HLA is by far the most complex human genetic system, which continues to be found in the allele detection and the methods have been improved. In this paper, we systemically introduced the structure of HLA antigen system and its immune activity in the aspects such as the origin of HLA antigen system and development process, testing techniques, nomenclature, HLA molecular structure and immunological activity, donor-specific antibodies, etc. This may help to in-depth understand its role in organ transplantation.