保水剂施用方式对土壤水盐及番茄生长的影响

Effects of super absorbent with different application methods on soil moisture,soil salinity and Lycopersicon esculentum growth

为探讨保水剂不同施用方式的应用效果,在河套灌区,以不施为对照,开展撒施、穴施、沟施和混施BJ2101-L保水剂对土壤水分、盐分和番茄生长影响的田间试验。结果表明:1)沟施、穴施和混施均显著提高0～80 cm土层土壤水分,特别在番茄坐果期较对照提高了12.66%、9.40%和7.50%;2)保水剂可有效抑制土壤盐分的积累,提高番茄幼苗成活率,沟施、穴施、混施和撒施番茄产量较对照提高了37.70%、30.93%、26.35%和12.87%,水分利用效率提高了56.58%、44.98%、32.58%和24.05%。因此,河套灌区番茄生产中保水剂应以沟施为主。

In order to determine the effects of BJ2101-L super absorbent with various application methods,field experiments were conducted to investigate their effects on soil moisture,soil salinity and Lycopersicon esculentum growth in Hetao irrigation district,Inner Mongolia.In this paper,BJ2101-L super absorbent was applied with four treatments of furrowing,mixing,holing and broadcasting.The results showed that furrowing,holing,mixing significantly increased soil moisture in 0-80 cm soil layer,particularly there were significant effects during Lycopersicon esculentum fruit-setting stage,and soil moisture in furrowing,mixing and holing treatments increased by 12.66%,9.40% and 7.50% in 0-80 cm soil layer compared to the control respectively.BJ2101-L super absorbent inhibited the accumulation of soil salinity and could improve the survival rate of Lycopersicon esculentum seedlings.The yields in furrowing,mixing,holing and broadcasting treatments increased by 37.70%,30.93%,26.35% and 12.87% compared to the control,and water use efficiency increased by 56.58%,44.98%,32.58% and 24.05% against the control respectively.Optimum application method of BJ2101-L super absorbent should be furrowing application in Hetao irrigation district in Lycopersicon esculentum production.