首发精神分裂症患者个性特征及认知功能与阴性阳性症状相关性研究

Correlation of personality characteristics, cognitive function and negative-positive symptoms in first-episode schizophrenia

目的 探讨首发精神分裂症患者个性特征及认知功能与阴性阳性症状的相关性.方法 将30例以阴性症状为主的首发精神分裂症患者设为A组,34例以阳性症状为主的患者设为B组.采用艾森克个性问卷测评两组个性特征,瑞文标准推理测验工具测评两组智力水平与认知功能.结果 B组艾森克个性问卷E维度分显著高于A组（P＜0.01）,而P、N、L维度分两组差异均无显著性（P＞0.05）.内向型性格A组占60.0%,B组占17.6%;外向型性格A组占30.0%,B组占58.8%,两组差异有显著性（P＜0.05或0.01）;中间型性格两组差异无显著性（P＞0.05）.B组瑞文标准推理测验总分及B、C、D项目评分均显著高于A组（P＜0.05或0.01）;A组智力水平为3级和4级者占30.0%,显著低于B组（67.7%）,智力水平为5级者占70.0%,显著高于B组（32.4%）,差异均有极显著性（χ2=9.04,P＜0.01）.结论首发精神分裂症患者罹患精神疾病与其个性特征存在某些关联,疾病迁延不愈易导致患者智力和认知水平不同程度的受损.

Objective To explore the correlation of personality characteristics, cognitive function and negative-positive symptoms in first-episode schizophrenia. Methods Thirty first-episode schizophrenics with prominent negative symptoms were assigned to group A and 34 ones with prominent positive symptoms to group B. Personality characteristics were assessed with the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire （EPQ） and intelligence levels and cognitive function with the Raven＇s Standard Progressive Matrices （SPM）. Results E score of the EPQ was significantly higher in group B than in A （P〈0.01）, but there were no significant differences in P, N and L scores between two groups （P〉0.05）. Introversion accounted for 60.0% in group A and 17.6% in B, extroversion did 30.0% in group A and 58.8% in B, which showed significant differences （P〈0.05 or 0.01） ; there was no significant difference in middle personality （P〉0.05）. The total, B, C and D score of the SPM were significantly higher in group B than in A （P〈0.05 or 0.01） ; subjects with grade 3 and 4 intelligence level accounted for 30.0% in group A, as were significantly lower compared with group B （67.7%） ; subjects with grade 5 intelligence level accounted for 70.0% in group A, as were significantly higher compared with group B （32.4%）, differences were very significant （x2 = 9.04, P〈0.01）. Conclusion Having mental disorders of first-episode schizophrenics have some correlation to personality characteristics, protracted course of disease results in different degree of impairment of intelligence and cognition level.