老年痴呆患者陪护亲属心理健康状况调查及心理干预效果评价

Surveys of mental health status and evaluation of psychological intervention in accompanying relatives of senile dementia patients

目的 探讨老年痴呆患者陪护亲属的心理健康状况及心理干预效果.方法 对老年痴呆住院患者的83名陪护亲属,采用症状自评量表、焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表评定心理健康状况.于患者入院时对陪护亲属进行评定,并与国内常模进行对比分析,针对评定结果予以心理干预,干预时间＞1个月,干预后再次采用上述量表进行评定分析.结果 陪护亲属心理干预前症状自评量表躯体化、人际关系、焦虑、抑郁、敌对、恐惧因子分及总阳性项目数均显著高于国内常模（P＜0.05或0.01）;心理干预后,躯体化、人际关系、焦虑、抑郁、恐惧因子分、总阳性项目数及焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表总分均较心理干预前有显著性下降（P＜0.05或0.01）.结论 老年痴呆患者陪护亲属存在诸多的心理问题,焦虑抑郁情绪尤为突出;及时的予以系统化心理干预,能帮助亲属减轻和缓解各种心理压力,改善心理健康状况,有利于提高亲属对患者的家庭支持度.

Objective To explore the mental health status and effects of psychological intervention in accompanying relatives of senile dementia patients. Methods Mental health conditions were assessed in 83 accompanying relatives of hospitalised senile dementia patients with the Symptom Checklist-90 （SCL-90）, Self-rating Anxiety Scale （SAS） and Self-rating Depression Scale （SDS）. Accompanying relatives were assessed on patients＇ admission and compared with national norm, to them purposeful psychological interventions were given for more than 1 month, re-assessments carried out with above-mentioned scales after intervention. Results Before intervention, somatization, interpersonal relation, anxiety, depression, hostility, phobia and total positive items of the SCL 90 were significantly higher in the relatives compared with national norm （P〈0.05 or 0. 01）; after intervention, somatization, interpersonal relation, anxiety, de pression, phobia and total positive items as well as the total scores of the SAS and SDS lowered more significantly compares pre-intervention （P〈0.05 or 0.01）. Conclusion The accompanying relatives of senile dementia patients have many psycho-problems, especially anxious depressive emotions; prompt systema tized psychological intervention can help them lessen and relieve various kinds of mental stress, improve mental health status and makes for increasing relatives＇ support.