恶性肿瘤患者医院感染调查及预防对策

Investigation and preventive measures of nosocomial infection in patients with malignant tumor

目的探讨恶性肿瘤患者医院感染的相关因素及预防措施,为减少恶性肿瘤患者医院感染提供参考信息。方法回顾调查肿瘤科收治的2035例患者的临床资料。结果发生医院感染90例,医院感染发生率4.42%,感染部位以呼吸道为主,占44.4%,其次是气管切口,占34.5%,及胃肠道、泌尿道等。病原菌以革兰氏阴性杆菌为主,占45.2%,其中真菌最常见,占33.7%,其次是铜绿假单胞菌等。医院感染的发生与患者的年龄、住院时间、白细胞下降、抗菌药物的不规范使用等有关。结论肿瘤患者机体抵抗力低,容易发生医院感染,针对易感因素采取有效的预防管理措施,可以减少医院感染的发生。

Objective To discuss the relevant factors and preventive measures of nosocomial infection in patients with malignant tumor and reduce nosocomial infection.Methods The clinical data of 2035 malignant tumor patients with nosocomial infection was rretrospectively analyzed.Results 104 patients got nosocomial infection and the infection rate was 5.11 %.Respiratory infection was the main infection（44.2%）.Tracheal incision infection was next（34.5 %）.And gastrointestinal tract,urinary tract G-pathogents accounted for 45.2%.The most common infection was fungi for 33.7%,followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Conclusion The imunity of the patients with malignant tumor reduces and nosocomial infection rate increases.We must take some effective prevention measure for the risk fators to reduces nosocomial infection.