珠海市某镇居民消化系统常见恶性肿瘤流行病学调查分析

Epidemiological analysis of common malignant tumors of diagdigestive systemin the resident of a town of zhuhai city

目的了解珠海市某镇居民消化系统恶性肿瘤发病现状及治疗对生存的影响。方法将该镇3207户本土村居民列为研究对象,采用田野调查的方法进行统一问卷入户调查,同时参考该镇新农合大病报销的相关资料进行研究分析。结果 2002～2006年5年间该镇消化道恶肿瘤主要由胃癌、肝癌、大肠癌构成,3种癌的合计发病率2002年～2006年分别为0.3415‰、0.4264‰、0.2539‰、0.4221‰、0.6749‰;恶性肿瘤患者性别构成男多女少,;接受手术治疗的患者占44%,胃癌、肝癌患者术后平均生存时间较短,生存质量欠佳。结论与国内文献资料比较,该镇5年间消化道恶性肿瘤总体发病率不高,但近年发病率仍呈U形上升趋势;提高村居民的文化素养,加强对村居民肿瘤知识的健康教育,重视环境保护是防治消化道恶性肿瘤关键的一环。

Objective To determine the incidences of malignant tumors of digestive system as well as the influence of treatment on survivals in the residents of a small town in Zhuhai City. Methods a total of 3207 native families were included as study subjects.With field investigation, each family was surveyed individually using standard questionnaire.Meanwhile,relevant data from major disease claim database of new rural cooperative medical system were also used for the analytical study. Results Within five years from 2002 to 2006, malignant tumors of digestive system mainly included gastric, hepatic and colorectal cancers in this town. Total yearly incidences of these cancers during 2002-2006 were 0.3415‰, 0.4264‰, 0.2539‰, 0.4221‰ and 0.6749‰, respectively. Patients with malignant tumors were predominantly male and much less frequently female, and were generally minimally educated. Patients treated with surgical intervention accounted for 44%. Patients with gastric and hepatic cancers had short survival duration after surgery, with poor quality of life. Conclusions when compared to data from domestic literatures, overall incidences of malignant tumors of digestive tract in this town within 5 years are not considered high. However, incidence in recent years tends to take on a U-shape curve, indicating incidence of malignant tumors in digestive tract may gradually increase if environmental protection is not given due attention under the circumstance of gradual widespread industrialization. It is also an important aspect in preventing and treating malignant tumors of digestive tract to strengthen cultural literacy and health education with respect to tumors among the residents.