“从人间升到天国”——论马克思哲学的超验性

From Earth to Heaven——On the Transcendence of Marx's Philosophy

任何真正的哲学都具有形而上的本性和本体论的情结。超验性和先验性是两个完全不同且应当被明确区分开来的哲学范畴,真正的超验性是以经验为基础而又高于经验的一种哲学理论;而先验性则是一种视先验逻辑为经验基础的思维抽象。传统形而上学貌似超验,实则是先验性的,它的本体论承诺是永无可能兑现的神秘幻想,至多是理性化了的宗教。而马克思的哲学才是真正具有超验性向度的哲学体系,是经验性与超验性的真正统一,"人间"是马克思哲学的出发点,"天国"是其终极性价值理想,从"人间"升到"天国"的桥梁就是实践。承认超验性不仅丝毫不影响马克思哲学对传统形而上学的真正超越和它所实现的哲学革命的地位,而且正是有了这种超验性向度和形而上情怀,才使马克思的思想真正具有了哲学的高度和深邃,使哲学思维真正与人的本质相契合,使哲学真正成为了人学。

Every philosophy has the metaphysical nature and ontological complex.Transcendence and apriority are totally different philosophical categories,which should be distinguished clearly.True transcendence is the philosophical clue that is based on the experience and higher than it.However,apriority is the thinking abstraction based on the transcendental logic.Traditional metaphysics seems transcendent and is actually apriori.It＇s ontological commitment is a fantasy that cannot be realized,at most a rational religion.Marxist philosophy is true philosophy system with transcendent dimensions,which is the true unification of true unification and transcendence.＂Earth＂is the start of Marx＇s philosophy;and ＂Heaven＂is its ultimate value ideal.The bridge from earth to heaven is practice.Recognizing transcendence will not affect the fact that Marx＇s philosophy has transcend the traditional metaphysics,and the position of philosophical revolution which has established.Moreover,because of the transcendent dimensions and metaphysical feelings,Marx＇s ideologies really involve philosophical height and profundity.Philosophical thinking really agrees with human nature,and philosophy really becomes human science.