生物进化论经由《新青年》在近代中国的传播

Biological Evolutionism Spread Via Xin Qing Nian in China

厘清生物进化论经由《新青年》期刊在近代中国的传播轨迹,为探索生物进化论在中国的传播提供新证据。采用原始期刊文献分析和考证法。对创刊于1915年的《新青年》1-9卷涉及进化论者的16篇(自然科学角度传播进化论的文章共7篇,人文社会科学角度的共9篇)文章进行分析,发现五四时期以《新青年》期刊为传播媒介,进化论成为贯穿新文化运动初期各个思想领域的主线。《新青年》传播的生物进化论,最初尚且接近其科学本质,但不久即在陈独秀等人的笔下异化为社会进化论,并成为试图变革中国社会的利器。于是,在1919年前后,掀起了进化论在近代中国传播的第三次高潮。

The research is aimed to clarify the relationship between the journal of Xin Qing Nian and the spread of evolutionism in China,to provide new clues to study the communication of the history of evolutionism in China,and to explore new perspective in studying journal science communication.The methods of literature analyzing and researching are used.The results show that the spreading of biological evolutionism involves a total of 16 articles in Vol.1-9 of Xin Qing Nian that was first published in 1915.Of the 16 articles,7 spread evolutionism from the point of view of natural sciences whie 9 from that of humanities and social sciences.It is concluded that in the May Fourth Movement period,the theory of evolutionism via Xin Qing Nian became the main line of thinking throughout the New Culture Movement.The spread of evolutionism via Xin Qing Nian was close to its scientific nature initially,but it was soon alienated by Chen and others to social evolutionism and became a weapon trying to change society in China.Thus,in 1919,there set off the third climax wave in spreading evolutionism in China.