《周易》卦爻辞非歌谣考

Differences between the Hexagram and Line Statements in Zhouyi and the Ballad

在《周易》原初的占筮语境中,筮法的控制使卦爻辞与卦爻象一一对应,不存在叙事主体以及完整的叙事结构,因而卦爻辞绝非歌谣式的叙事。卦爻辞和歌谣的异质性决定了两者迥异的传播特征。两者的专名"繇"与"谣"在先秦不相混用。目前学界根据卦爻辞与歌谣形式上的相近,普遍将卦爻辞定性为歌谣,并尊之为中国诗歌先导,其探求思路的合理性或值得商榷。

This paper discusses the proposition that no narrative subjects or complete narrative structures exist in the hexagram and line statements since one-to-one correspondence can be traced between each set of hexagram and line statements and their corresponding images in the context of divination.The hexagram and line statements are different from ballads in their narrative styles and communicative features.The paper also explores the statement that the meaning of Yao is distinct from that of ballad in Pre-Qin period.Therefore,it is questionable to regard hexagram and line statements as the precursor of Chinese poetry.