武夷山风景区不同林地类型土壤水分物理性质及土壤水库特性

Soil Physical Characteristics and Water Storage Capacity for Six Main Forest Lands in Wuyishan Scenery District

对武夷山风景区6种林地类型的土壤容重、孔隙度、持水量及土壤水库容等性能进行了研究,结果表明,(1)0—60 cm土层土壤容重为杉木林>马尾松林>灌木林>针阔混交林>竹林>常绿阔叶林。(2)6种林地土壤总孔隙度和最大持水量为常绿阔叶林>竹林>针阔混交林>灌木林>马尾松林>杉木林;毛管孔隙度和田间持水量为竹林>常绿阔叶林>针阔混交林>灌木林>马尾松林>杉木林;非毛管孔隙度为常绿阔叶林>针阔混交林>灌木林>马尾松林>杉木林>竹林;毛管持水量为竹林>常绿阔叶林>灌木林>针阔混交林>马尾松林>杉木林。(3)在0—60 cm土层内,常绿阔叶林和竹林的土壤总库容最大,针阔混交林、灌木林、马尾松林次之,杉木林的最小。竹林的储水库容最大,而通透库容最小。在相同的立地条件下,常绿阔叶林的土壤特性优于其它林分,最有利于涵养水源。

Soil bulk density,soil porosity,soil moisture capacity and water storage characteristics for six main forest types in Wuyishan Scenery District were studied.Results are as follows.（1） The soil bulk density in the top 60 cm followed the order of： chinese fir forestsmasson pine forestsshrubsmixed forestmoso bamboo forests broadleaf forest.（2） The total porosity and maximum water-holding capacity were： broadleaf forestmoso bamboo forests mixed forests shrubsmasson pine forestschinese fir forests;and the capillary porosity and field moisture capacity were： Moso bamboo forestsbroadleaf forests mixed forests shrubs masson pine forests chinese fir forests;the soil non-capillary porosity was broadleaf forests mixed forests shrubs masson pine forests chinese fir forestsmoso bamboo forests;the soil capillary water-holding was moso bamboo forestsbroadleaf forests shrubsmixed forests masson pine forests chinese fir forests.（3） In the layer of 0—60 cm,the order of soil total storage capacity was broadleaf forestsmoso bamboo forests mixed forestsshrubsmasson pine forests chinese fir forests.The storage volumetric capacity of moso bamboo forests was the largest,but its transmission volumetric capacity was the smallest.Given the same site condition,the soil physical characteristics of the broadleaf forest were superior to those of the others and therefore provided the best function of soil and water conservation.