唐菖蒲花粉低温保存效果分析

A study on cryopreservation of Gladiolus pollens

以‘超级红’等唐菖蒲切花品种的花粉为试材,研究了花蕾的开放状态、花粉含水量、不同干燥时间与不同保存温度、预冻方式和解冻方式对唐菖蒲花粉萌发率的影响,同时测定了唐菖蒲4个栽培品种花粉的长期保存效果。结果表明：唐菖蒲花朵刚呈展开状态时的花粉萌发率最高;未干燥花粉和干燥1 h之内花粉萌发率次高。保存温度和含水量对花粉的保存效果影响显著,花粉在干燥0~1 h、-80℃温度下保存效果好;0℃预冻有利于花粉的低温保存;37℃温水化冻处理的花粉萌发率明显高于其他解冻方式。唐菖蒲4个栽培品种花粉的长期保存以-80℃低温条件效果较好,保存时间可达1 a以上,0℃处理的次之,4℃和-20℃条件下保存的花粉萌发率较低,且品种间差异显著。

Effects of different statuses of flower buds,water content of pollen,different drying times and storage temperatures,pre-freezing and thawing methods on germination rate of pollens were investigated.Also the results of long-term preservation were compared among pollens of different cultivars.The results showed that the pollens of just opening flowers perform higher viability.The storage temperature and water content were two important factors affecting the pollen life.The pollens dried 0—1 hour and stored at-80 ℃ have higher viability.Pre-freezing at 0 ℃ and the thawing at 37 ℃ water could promote the viability of pollens.The results of long-term storage showed that pollen storage at-80 ℃ were more suitable than other temperatures,pollen storage time would reach one year,followed by storage at 0 ℃,the germinability of pollen stored at 4 ℃ and-20 ℃ was lower.In addition,remarked difference was observed in the viability of stored pollens among different cultivars.