城市流浪女性精神病患者临床特征分析

Clinical features of the vagrant female patients with psychiatric disorders in the urban area

目的了解城市流浪女性精神病患者的临床特征。方法对某城市流浪精神病患者收治病区收治的147例女性精神病患者人的一般资料及临床资料（包括姓名、性别、年龄、户籍、入院方式、入院原因、精神疾病及躯体疾病诊断等）进行统计分析。结果 147例女患者年龄16~68岁,平均（29.95±10.67）岁;已查明户籍患者中农村户籍占93.18%,城市户籍占6.82%;因肇事入院者占70.75%,为入院首要原因;精神疾病诊断以精神分裂症、躁狂发作、精神发育迟滞占前三位,分别占48.62%、41.28%、7.34%;合并躯体疾病者占19.05%。此外,肇事在躁狂发作患者中的比率明显高于在精神分裂症患者中的比率,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;合并躯体疾病情况分析,精神分裂症患者与躁狂症患者合并躯体疾病比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论城市流浪女性精神病患者大多来自农村,其精神症状较为严重且多合并躯体疾病,须引起社会的重视。

Objective To investigate the clinical features of the vagrant female patients with psychiatric disorders in the urban area. Methods All the 147 female patients with psychiatric disorders in a certain ward where the vagrant patients were hospitalized were involved.The general information and clinical data including name,gender,census register,patterns of hospitalization,reasons of hospitalization,diagnoses of psychiatric disorders and comorbid physical diseases were statistically analyzed.Results Of all the 147 female patients,the ages were between 16-68 years and the average age was 29.95±10.67 years.The percent of rural census register was 93.18% and the urban census register 6.82% in the patients whose census register information was definite.Troublemakers were the first reason of hospitalization and the percent was 70.75%.The top three diagnoses of psychiatric disorders were schizophrenia,mania and mental retardation and the percents were 48.62%,41.28%,7.34%.The whole percent of comorbid physical diseases was 19.05%.The percent of troublemakers in the manic patients was significantly higher than one in the schizophrenic patients（P0.01）.There was no difference in comorbid physical diseases between the mania and schizophrenic patients（P0.05）.Conclusion Most of vagrant female patients with psychiatric disorders in the urban area were from the rural area,and most of them are in a bad condition with severe psychiatric syndromes and physical diseases and they should be paid close attention in treatment and supervision.