不足位移对高速道岔动力特性的影响

Influence of Scant Displacement on Dynamic Characteristics of High-speed Turnout

为揭示道岔不足位移对高速行车的影响,根据高速道岔、列车的结构特点、力学特性和相互作用关系,建立车辆-道岔耦合动力学模型,并以高速列车直向350km/h、侧向80km/h通过350km/h客运专线18号无砟道岔为例,分析不同不足位移情形下车辆和道岔的动力学特性。结果表明:尖轨、心轨不足位移对列车动轮载、钢轨动应力影响较小,对轮缘力、车体横向加速度、轮重减载率、脱轨系数影响较大;不足位移会严重影响高速列车直、侧向过岔的舒适性及安全性,影响高速道岔正常工作状态;牵引转换设计时,应严格控制道岔尖轨、心轨不足位移。

To reveal the inflnence of scant displacement on the high-speed turnout and vehicle,the vehicle-turnout coupling dynamic model was set up according to the structural characteristics,mechanical properties and interaction relationship of the high-speed turnout and train.The law of dynamic characteristics induced by different scant displacements is analyzed by taking Ballastless Turnout No.18 of 350 km/h passenger dedicated lines as an example where the trains pass through main lines at a speed of 350 km/h and through branch lines at a speed of 80 km/h.The results show as follows： Scant displacements of the switch and nose rails have little influence on the dynamic wheel load and dynamic rail stress and have great influence on the flange force,lateral acceleration of car body,the reduction rate of wheel load and derailment coefficient;scant displacements seriously harm the normal operation of the high-speed turnouts,and the safety and comfort of passengers in the running trains;scant displacements of the switch and nose rails must be strictly controlled in the design of turnout switching.