凯泰固定化脂肪酶催化火锅废油制备生物柴油的研究

Study on Preparation of Biodiesel from Waste Cooking Oil of Hot Pot by Kete Immobilized Lipase

以重庆火锅废油为原料,甲醇为酰基受体,凯泰固定化脂肪酶为催化剂,采用正交试验方法研究了生物酶法催化餐饮废油制备生物柴油的工艺。结果表明,经过预处理的原料油,在醇油摩尔比为4.0∶1.0、分3次添加甲醇、脂肪酶用量20.0%(m/m,下同)、正己烷用量10%(m/m,下同)、水用量10%(m/m,下同)、水浴温度50℃、振荡速度100 r/min的摇瓶体系中,反应24 h,生物柴油产率达83.75%;在醇油摩尔比为3.0∶1.0、分3次投加甲醇、脂肪酶用量25.0%、正己烷用量11%、水用量10%、水浴温度48℃下,于高径比为12.5∶1.0、柱流速为0.6 mL/min的固定床装置中,反应24 h,生物柴油产率达80.95%。经减压蒸馏后的生物柴油的理化指标基本达到国内0#柴油标准,具有可推广性。

Using waste oil of Chongqing hotpot as raw material,methanol as acyl acceptor,kete immobilized lipase as catalyst,the preparation process of biodiesel from waste cooking oil of hot pot was studied by orthogonal test.The results showed that after pretreatment of the raw oil,when the molar ratio of methanol to oil was 4.0∶1.0,adding methanol for 3 times,the 20.0%（m/m） of lipase consumption,10%（m/m） of n-hexane amount,10%（m/m） of water consumption,water bath at 50 ℃,shaking at a speed of 100 r/min in shake flask system for 24 h,the bio-diesel yield would be 83.75%.When the molar ratio of methanol to oil was 3.0∶1.0,adding methanol 3 times,lipase dosage 25.0%（m/m）,11%（m/m） of the amount of n-hexane,10%（m/m） of water consumption,water bath at 48 ℃,reacting in the column with a height to diameter ratio of 12.5∶1.0 at a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min in the fixed bed unit for 24 h,the yield of bio-diesel would be 80.95%.The physical and chemical indexes of the obtained biodiesel after vacuum distillation meet the standard of domestic 0# diesel oil,thus was replicable.