“NP+不+X+谁+X”句式的构成及功能

Structure and Function in the Sentence Pattern of "NP+不+X+谁+X"

"NP+不+X+谁+X"是指现代汉语中一种特殊的紧缩式反问句式,在口语中的使用频率较高。这一句式实际是一个由"NP+不X"(陈述性否定句形式)和"谁+X"(反问句形式)整合而成的双重假设性否定句式,常用来强调表示"NP肯定具有X所指明的情况或属性"这样的意思,含有"X所指明的情况或属性非NP莫属"的强调意味。对"NP+不+X+谁+X"句式的考察分析,并不是对这一句式研究的终极目标,还可以进一步研究该句式的上位句式——"NP+否定成分+X+疑问成分+X"句式。

＂NP＋不＋X＋谁＋X＂ refers to a special contracted rhetorical question in modern Chinese,commonly used in spoken Chinese.It is a double hypothetical negative sentence pattern,composed of ＂NP＋不＋X＂（negative form of declarative sentences） and ＂谁＋X＂（rhetorical question in the form）.It is often used to emphasize ＂NP has situations or properties that X indicates＂,with the meaning that ＂situations or properties that X indicates belongs to NP only＂.Studying ＂NP＋不＋X＋谁＋X＂ is not the ultimate goal of this sentence pattern study,the upper sentence pattern of ＂NP ＋ negative elements ＋ X ＋ interrogative elements ＋ X＂ may be further studied.