空间站的实时仿真(续)

Real-Time Simulation for Space Station

实时、载人回路的仿真在NASA载人空间飞行计划中起着非常重要的作用,它可以在地面通过模拟的飞行环境对系统设计和整个系统性能作出评价.在航天飞机的各个开发阶段,直至投入运行很大程度要依靠仿真技术.经过16年计划的实施,在NASA Ly ndon B Johnson空间中心(JSC)工程部门中,用于支持航天飞机开发和运行的仿真设施已得到改进,它反映了计算机系统和仿真软件设计方面的最新技术.在1985年,JSC工程仿真设施系统工程仿真器得到了扩充,以支持与轨道飞行器有关的空间站设计活动,例如:轨道飞行器的对接方案,利用轨道飞行器远程操纵系统停靠空间站的方案.为了长期支持空间站计划,新的空间站的仿真开发工作目前正在顺利进行.本文介绍了工程部门中的两个仿真设施,即系统工程仿真器和航天飞机电子系统总体实验室;讨论了它们在航天飞机计划中的作用,特别是能够应用到空间站方面的那些功能;同时阐述了系统工程仿真器在空间站开发计划中的作用.最后,详尽地叙述了系统工程仿真器上正在开发的新的空间站仿真.

Real-time, man-in-the-loop simulation has served an important functionin the NASA manned-space-flight program by providing the means to evalu-ate systems design and integrated systems performance on the ground in a simu-lated flight environment. The Space Shuttle Program has relied heavily on simulation throughout all phases of development and into Space Shuttle opera-tions. The simulation facilities in the NASA Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (JSC) Engineering Directorate used in support of Space Shuttle development and operations have been upgraded throughout the 16-year program and re-flect near current technology in both computer systems and simulation software design. Operations of the JSC engineering simulation facility, the Systems Engineering Simulator,were expanded in 1985 to support Orbiter-related Space Station design activities such as Orbiter docking scenarios and the use of the Orbiter remote manipulator system in Space Station berthing scenarios. Development of a new Space Station simulation designed to provide long-term support to the Space Station Program is well under way. A description of the two Engineering Directorate simulation facilities, the Systems Engineering Simulator and the Shuttle Avionics Integration Laboratory, is presented. The function of each in support of the Space Shuttle Program is discussed, with em-phasis on functions applicable to Space Station. The function of the Systems Engineering Simulator in Space Station development is described. Finally, a comprehensive and detailed description of the new Space Station simulation under development on the Systems Engineering Simulator is presented.