从人物角度解析斯威夫特小说《杯酒留痕》的“狂欢”色彩

Carnivalisticism on characters in Graham Swift's Last Orders

《杯酒留痕》是当代英国小说家格雷厄姆.斯威夫特颇受评论界关注的一部作品。对该部小说有关宗教、历史、伦理等人文元素的研究是读者关注的重点。为此,尝试切入作品中的人物特点,分析和阐释小说中凸显的狂欢化色彩。主人公文斯、雷、伦尼和维克参与的闹剧场景不仅是对公认的普遍遵守的行为模式、举止礼仪和言论规范之"破坏",而且在本质上形成了不同于喜剧的狂欢效果,他们共同过着脱离自己常规的、颠倒的、反面的狂欢化生活,在诙谐的语言和滑稽的行为中完成了整个送葬的仪式。

The novel,Last Orders,written by modern novelist Graham Swift,becomes a controversial novel among critics.Readers focus on its researches from the perspectives of religion,history,ethnics and so on.Based on the main characters in the novel,this paper illustrates and explores its prominent carnivalisticism.The serio-comical scenes,evolved in Wince,Ray,Lenny and Vic,not only destroy common behavior modes,rituals,and langue standards,but also lead a kind of carnivalistic and confused life.They complete the whole mourning with serio-comical utterance and behavior.