双元制职业教育模式在德国的发展

Development of Germany Dual-system Vocational Educational Mode

德国双元制是目前世界上比较成功的职教办学模式之一,是经历了长期的发展过程之后才形成的一种职业教育体系。这种模式之所以能够在德国职业教育中取得重要地位,主要在于有一整套运行机制来保障,通过严格的法律规定未参加职业培训不允许就业;用制度保障双元制教育在两个学习场所教学内容上的协调一致;在整个的培训过程中企业占主导地位,学徒与企业双方签订培训合同,企业负责由招生到学习、培训、考核的全部过程;实行教考分离制度,学生必须通过学校组织的理论考试和行业协会组织的技能考试后,才能获得学校颁发的毕业证书和行业协会颁发的技能证书。

Germany dual - system vocational education is regarded as one of the successful training mode and educational system after long - term development. The reasons that this mode can play an important role in German vocational education are as follows： a whole set of operational mechanism, strict laws, consistent teaching contents, contract between apprentice and company, separation of teaching and testing, certificates issued by the school after the thoereticaltheoretical exam and the trade association after the technical ability test.