城市生态安全气象环境综合评价方法——以北京市为例

Comprehensive Evaluation Method on Meteorological Environment of Urban Ecologic Security——A Case Study of Beijing

论文通过选择北京大城市生态系统中与生态安全密切相关的气象环境因子,建立了包括生态环境状态指标、大气质量指标、气象致害指标和人体健康气象指标等4个一级评价指标和相应的18个二级评价指标在内的大城市生态安全气象环境综合评价指标体系。建立了不同指标的计算方法和标准化方法,采用纵横向拉开档次法确定指标权重,并应用线性加权综合法进行生态安全气象环境综合值的计算与评价。应用上述方法对北京地区近9 a生态安全气象环境进行评价,结果表明:北京城市生态安全气象环境排名前4位的是延庆、怀柔、密云和门头沟,排在后4位的是城区、丰台、海淀和朝阳,这符合北京城市主体功能区域规划分布,说明建立的城市生态安全的评价指标体系和评价方法是可行的。

By selecting meteorological environmental factors closely related to ecologic security in ecologic system for metropolitan city of Beijing,we established ecologic safety evaluation index system of meteorological environment for metropolis,including indicators of ecological state of the environment,air quality indicators,harmful meteorological indicators and human health indicators,which are the primary evaluation indexes,and the 18 corresponding secondary evaluation indexes are also used to calculate the weight values for each index with the application of Vertical and Horizontal Scatter Degree method.Meanwhile,we established methods for indexes calculation and standardization.Linear weighted comprehensive method was chosen for calculating comprehensive evaluation.Application results of the established method in Beijing in recent 9 years showed that the top four districts in Beijing with ecologic security of meteorolgical environment are Yanqing,Huairou,Miyun and Mentougou,the last four are urban area,Fengtai,Haidian and Chaoyang.This is in line with the distribution of Beijing’s main function of urban regional planning,indicating that urban ecologic security assessment index system and evaluation method identified in this research are feasible.