元代的宗教管理体制及其现代启示

The Religious Administration System of the Yuan Dynasty and its Modern Enlightenment

元代享国虽不足百年,却是民族宗教文化发展的重要时期,在这个疆域辽阔、军事强大、政治统一的庞大帝国里,多民族的融合带来了多种宗教文化的传播。为了政治稳定的统治需要,元代实行兼容并包的开放宗教政策,针对诸种宗教之特点形成了独特的宗教管理体制,于佛教有宣政院,道教有集贤院,基督教有崇福司,伊斯兰教有回回掌教哈的司等,并对民间宗教实行严格的禁断措施。元代的宗教政策和管理体制的经验和教训,对当代宗教政策的制定和宗教管理制度的完善,具有重要的启示意义。

Though the Yuan dynasty lasted less than one hundred years, it is the important period for the development of the religions and cultures of ethnic nationalities. The different nationalities of the empire, which has a large territory, powerful military force, political unity, had different cultures and religions. For the political stability, the Yuan dynasty made an opening and all-inclusive religious policy, and a unique administration system according to the characteristics of different religions, such as Buddhism, Taoism, Christianity, Islam and so on, and took measures to forbidden folk religions stricdy. The religious policy and administration system adopted by the Yuan dynasty has an important enlightenment to the formulation of religious policies and the improvement of religious administration today.