构建高等职业教育和高等普通教育间的桥梁——美国社区学院“转学教育”复兴再探

Bridging between Vocational Education and General Education in Higher Education: Reexploration of Recovery of Transfer Education in American Community Colleges

转学教育是美国社区学院历史最悠久的办学职能,尽管在20世纪七八十年代一度衰落,但自20世纪90年代以来,在美国联邦政府、高等教育界和民众的普遍关注下,转学教育再度复兴,主要表现在开发转学网络、建立监督与质量保障机制与加强校际合作三个方面。美国社区学院的转学教育拓展到整个州的高等教育系统,注重统一性与灵活性相结合,将转学教育数量与质量并举,对实现美国高等教育机会均等、促进国民素质整体提升具有十分重要的意义。

Transfer education is the function with the longest history in American community colleges. Although transfer education underwent its decline during the 1970s and 1980s,it has gradually brought back to life since the 1990s,transfer network has been developed,supervision and quality assurance system have been established and collegiate cooperation has been enhanced. Transfer education in American community colleges has been developed into the state higher education system,which combines the unification and flexibility, emphases both quantity and quality of transfer education. It has important implication to the equality of higher education and improvement of national quality.