美国大学“四A”原则及其对我国大学建设的启示

The "Four A" Principle of American Universities and the Inspiration for China's University Construction

美国大学奉行的大学自治(academic autonomy)、学术自由(academic freedom)、学术中立(academic neutrality)和社会责任(accountability)"四A"原则,是美国大学执掌当今世界高等教育之牛耳的重要法宝。对照这一原则,目前我国大学建设中存在着大学自治虚化、学术权力弱化和社会责任淡化现象。解决这些问题,一要深化教育体制改革,落实大学自治权;二要加强大学制度建设和文化建设,保证学术自由权;三要处理好社会问责与大学自治、学术自由的关系,做到既问责又尊重。

Abstract： American university＇s ＂Four A＂ principle,academic autonomy,academic freedom,academic neutrality and accountability,is an important weapon,with which America has stood on the peak of the world＇s higher education. According to the principle,the voided academic autonomy,weakened academic power and faded -out accountability are the phenomena in China＇s university construction. The ways to solve these issues are to deepen educational system reform to carry out academic autonomy,secondly,to reinforce institution construction and cultural construction to ensure academic freedom, and thirdly, to put accountability, academic autonomy and academic freedom in a proper place and both ask for accountability and respect its academic freedom.