德国职业教育“双元制”提法之商榷

Dual system in the vocational education in Germany

德国职业教育体系本质特征的不合理之处在于将职业教育地点作为分类标准,掩盖了学校和企业的不平等状态,误用系统概念,这些使得"双元制"概念无法点透德国职业教育本质特征。如果从外部视角可分析德国职业导向的社会特征,从内部视角分析职业教育制度运行和教学实践的职业导向特征,可归纳出德国职业教育的本质特征,即"职业导向"。

German vocational education is improper in that the vocational place is taken as the standard,thus ignoring the inequality of school and business.Even the dual system cannot explicate the essential characteristics of German vocational education.On the contrary,external views may be applied to the social features,while the internal viewpoints to the characteristics of vocational orientation regarding the educational system and teaching practice.