教育投入差距与地区居民收入差距关系研究

Research on the Relationship between Education Investment and Regional Income Disparity

采用Mantel相关分析法和空间计量分析法,对我国1995-2008年间地区教育投入差距与地区居民收入差距之间的关系进行了实证研究。结果发现:(1)我国近年来地区居民收入差距一直在急剧扩大,而地区财政教育经费投入差距则经历了先急剧扩大后大幅缩小的过程;(2)地区财政教育经费投入差距与地区居民收入差距之间具有高度的正相关性,缩小教育投入差距有助于阻止地区居民收入差距继续扩大;(3)财政初等教育和高等教育投入能够显著促进各地居民收入的提高;(4)各地在高等教育和初等教育投入上不均等,是造成我国当前地区居民收入差距产生和扩大的重要原因。最后,从教育投入实践的角度提出了解决我国地区居民收入差距问题的政策建议。

With Mantel test method,building spatial econometric model,this article makes a research on China＇s regional education inequality and regional income inequality during the time period from 1995 to 2008.Results prove that the regional income inequality is large and keeps worsening recent years,and the regional education inequality have experienced a process of getting larger first then decreasing remarkably.Mantel test suggests that the regional education investment inequality is highly positive related to the regional income inequality,and reducing regional education disparity may greatly help reduce the regional income disparity.Then a further analysis is made on what effects China＇s education takes in regional income disparity with spatial quantitative analysis method.The estimated results show that education investment can greatly contribute reducing the regional income disparity.Besides,the high education and primary education investment can help improve people＇s income greatly.Finally,it gives some suggestions on reducing the regional income disparity from education investment aspect.