沦陷时期东北农村基层政治结构的嬗变

Evolution of Political Structure at Grass-Root Level in Rural Areas of Northeast China during Japanese Occupation

九一八事变后,日本在其所占领的中国东北农村加强了对基层社会的控制。沦陷初期,日伪当局为实施"治安第一主义",沿用中国封建社会的保甲制度,以此维护对地方基层社会的殖民统治。后来,为适应殖民统治的需要,在基层建立起街村制度。不久,随着战争的扩大,日本统治者出于经济掠夺的需要,在基层社会建立了战时体制下的国民邻保组织。沦陷时期东北农村基层政治统治结构的变化,以及日本统治者为加强对东北基层组织和民众的控制所采取的一系列政策和措施,都是为其殖民侵略政策服务的。

After the September 18th Incident,Japanese authority strengthened its control over the grass-root society in rural areas of Northeast China they occupied.At the beginning of occupation,Japanese puppet authorities continued to use Baojia System（保甲制度） in order to maintain local public security and their colonial domination over grass-root society.Afterwards,a new supervision and domination system based on streets and villages was put in place to cater for colonial rule.As the war went on,the Japanese ruler established a neighbor supervision organization at village level to suit the needs of the war.The evolution of political structure at grass-root level in Northeast China and a series of policies and measures taken by Japanese rulers to further control villages and people all serve the purpose of colonial aggression.