霍乱弧菌对肠道中胆盐胁迫作用的反应调节

Response and regulation of Vibrio cholerae to bile stress in intestinal tract

作为肠道致病菌,霍乱弧菌必须耐受人体内的胃酸、胆盐、高渗和低氧等胁迫条件,才能在肠道定植、繁殖。胆盐由肝脏合成,在胆囊储存并分泌到肠道。其主要作用是帮助脂肪代谢,并有一定杀菌作用。本文综述了胆盐如何作用于霍乱弧菌,霍乱弧菌如何感受肠道内的胆盐刺激,并采用何种机制来耐受其杀菌作用。

As an intestinal tract pathogen,Vibrio cholerae will colonize and proliferate in the intestine of human body only if it can endure various stresses including the acidic milieu of stomach,the toxic effects of bile in duodenum,high osmotic pressure and low concentration of oxygen.Liver synthesizes bile which is stored in gallbladder.After meal is ingested,especially the fatty meal,into small intestine,bile is secreted in duodenum.The main role of bile is to emulsify and solute lipids.It also has antimicrobial effect on the bacteria in intestinal tract.This paper summarizes the mechanism of how bile affecting Vibrio cholerae,how Vibrio cholerae sensing the stress of bile,evading the defense and establishing infection in intestine.