德美证据排除规则之放射效力研究

从美国法中的"毒树之果"规则的演进以及"沃沦法院"时期的宪法判例看,是否排除"毒果"要视"毒树"与"毒果"之间的因果关系而定。德国的证据禁止规则包括证据取得之禁止与证据使用之禁止,证据取得之禁止与证据使用之禁止都可以产生放射效力,其"假设的侦查"理论与美国判例观点相似。我国引入"毒树之果"规则具有一定的可行性,可以从刑讯逼供来寻找改革的突破点,赋予法院排除"毒果"的权力,我国法院应当运用平衡理论来审查衍生证据与违法证据间的因果关系。

The rule of ＂fruit of poisonous during the period of Warren court. Whether the ＂ tree＂ between the ＂poisonous tree＂ and the ＂fruit＂. The prohibition of evidence illegally obtained and prohib can the rule stems from the constitutional case decided will be excluded depends on the causality prohibi ition of tive rule applied use of tainted evi in Germany includes dence. Both of them practice of extorting a confession by torture. By entrusting court with the power to exclude the tainted ＂fruit＂, and through using balance theory, court will be in a position to examine the causality between derivative evidence and illegal evidence.